旋轉(zhuǎn)供料器作為氣力輸送系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備，通過旋轉(zhuǎn)的葉輪將物料從料倉均勻輸送至下游管道，其運(yùn)行順暢性直接影響整個(gè)輸送系統(tǒng)的效率。實(shí)際使用中，卡住是常見故障，多因物料特性、設(shè)備磨損或操作不當(dāng)導(dǎo)致，需精準(zhǔn)判斷原因并采取對(duì)應(yīng)措施，才能快速恢復(fù)運(yùn)行并預(yù)防再次發(fā)生。

　　As a key equipment of the pneumatic conveying system, the rotary feeder uniformly transports materials from the silo to the downstream pipeline through the rotating impeller, and its smooth operation directly affects the efficiency of the entire conveying system. In practical use, jamming is a common fault, often caused by material characteristics, equipment wear, or improper operation. It is necessary to accurately determine the cause and take corresponding measures to quickly restore operation and prevent recurrence.

　　物料特性引發(fā)的卡住是最常見情況，需從物料狀態(tài)與處理工藝兩方面分析。含水量過高的物料易黏附在葉輪與殼體之間，隨著輸送時(shí)間延長，黏結(jié)的物料逐漸增厚，最終填滿間隙導(dǎo)致葉輪卡滯。這類情況需在輸送前增加干燥處理環(huán)節(jié)，將物料含水率控制在允許范圍內(nèi)，同時(shí)在供料器內(nèi)壁噴涂防粘涂層，減少物料附著。含有大塊雜質(zhì)的物料會(huì)卡在葉輪與殼體的間隙中，尤其當(dāng)雜質(zhì)尺寸超過葉輪與殼體的設(shè)計(jì)間隙時(shí)，極易造成葉輪卡死。解決需在供料器上游加裝篩分裝置，攔截大塊雜質(zhì)，同時(shí)定期清理料倉底部的沉積雜物，避免雜質(zhì)進(jìn)入供料器。

　　The jamming caused by material characteristics is the most common situation, which needs to be analyzed from both the material state and the processing technology. Materials with high moisture content are prone to adhere between the impeller and the shell. As the conveying time prolongs, the bonded material gradually thickens, eventually filling the gap and causing the impeller to jam. In such cases, it is necessary to add a drying process before transportation to control the moisture content of the material within the allowable range. At the same time, a non stick coating should be sprayed on the inner wall of the feeder to reduce material adhesion. Materials containing large impurities can get stuck in the gap between the impeller and the shell, especially when the size of the impurities exceeds the design gap between the impeller and the shell, which can easily cause the impeller to get stuck. To solve the problem, it is necessary to install a screening device upstream of the feeder to intercept large impurities, and regularly clean the sediment at the bottom of the silo to prevent impurities from entering the feeder.

　　設(shè)備自身結(jié)構(gòu)問題或磨損老化也會(huì)導(dǎo)致卡住，需從機(jī)械配合與部件狀態(tài)排查。葉輪與殼體的間隙調(diào)整不當(dāng)是重要原因：間隙過小會(huì)因物料顆粒進(jìn)入摩擦面導(dǎo)致卡阻；間隙過大則易漏風(fēng)，但過度調(diào)小反而加劇卡滯風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。需根據(jù)物料粒徑重新調(diào)整間隙，確保既能有效密封又不阻礙葉輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。葉輪葉片磨損或變形會(huì)改變?cè)信浜详P(guān)系，如葉片邊緣磨損后形成的毛刺易勾掛纖維類物料，積累到一定程度便會(huì)卡住葉輪。處理時(shí)需更換磨損的葉輪，對(duì)變形葉片進(jìn)行校正或更換，同時(shí)選用耐磨材質(zhì)制作葉輪，延長使用壽命。軸承損壞或潤滑不良會(huì)導(dǎo)致葉輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)阻力增大，嚴(yán)重時(shí)引發(fā)卡滯，需定期檢查軸承狀態(tài)，按規(guī)定加注潤滑脂，發(fā)現(xiàn)軸承異響、發(fā)熱時(shí)及時(shí)更換。

　　Structural problems or wear and aging of the equipment itself can also cause jamming, and it is necessary to investigate the mechanical fit and component status. Improper adjustment of the clearance between the impeller and the shell is an important reason: a too small clearance can cause blockage due to material particles entering the friction surface; If the gap is too large, it is easy to leak air, but if it is excessively reduced, it will increase the risk of jamming. The gap needs to be readjusted according to the particle size of the material to ensure effective sealing without hindering the rotation of the impeller. Wear or deformation of impeller blades can alter the original mating relationship, such as burrs formed by blade edge wear that can easily hook onto fiber materials and accumulate to a certain extent, causing the impeller to become stuck. During processing, it is necessary to replace worn impellers, correct or replace deformed blades, and use wear-resistant materials to make impellers to extend their service life. Bearing damage or poor lubrication can increase the rotational resistance of the impeller, and in severe cases, cause jamming. It is necessary to regularly check the condition of the bearings, add lubricating grease according to regulations, and replace them in a timely manner if abnormal noise or heat is found in the bearings.

　　操作與維護(hù)不當(dāng)同樣可能造成卡住，需規(guī)范流程并加強(qiáng)日常管理。開機(jī)前未清理殘留物料是常見失誤，停機(jī)后殘留在供料器內(nèi)的物料會(huì)因靜置結(jié)塊，下次啟動(dòng)時(shí)葉輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)受阻導(dǎo)致卡住。需在每次停機(jī)前清空供料器內(nèi)的物料，或在啟動(dòng)前手動(dòng)盤車檢查，確保無物料堆積。超負(fù)荷運(yùn)行會(huì)使葉輪承受過大扭矩，當(dāng)輸送量超過設(shè)備額定處理能力時(shí)，物料在殼體內(nèi)堆積，葉輪被強(qiáng)行帶動(dòng)易發(fā)生卡滯。應(yīng)嚴(yán)格控制進(jìn)料量，通過調(diào)節(jié)上游給料裝置使物料均勻進(jìn)入，避免瞬間過載。此外，未及時(shí)清理纏繞物會(huì)導(dǎo)致其纏繞在葉輪軸上，逐漸收緊后阻礙轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，需在進(jìn)料口加裝防護(hù)網(wǎng)，并定期檢查清理纏繞物。

　　Improper operation and maintenance can also cause jamming, and it is necessary to standardize processes and strengthen daily management. It is a common mistake to not clean up residual materials before starting up. After stopping the machine, the materials remaining in the feeder will clump due to standing, and the impeller rotation will be blocked during the next start-up, causing it to get stuck. It is necessary to empty the material in the feeder before each shutdown, or manually check the disc before starting to ensure that there is no material accumulation. Overloading operation can cause the impeller to withstand excessive torque. When the conveying capacity exceeds the rated processing capacity of the equipment, materials accumulate inside the shell, and the impeller is forcibly driven, which can easily cause jamming. The feeding amount should be strictly controlled, and the upstream feeding device should be adjusted to ensure that the material enters evenly and avoid instantaneous overload. In addition, failure to clean the wrapping material in a timely manner can cause it to wrap around the impeller shaft, gradually tightening and hindering rotation. It is necessary to install a protective net at the feed inlet and regularly check and clean the wrapping material.

　　卡住故障的應(yīng)急處理需遵循安全規(guī)范，避免盲目操作加劇設(shè)備損壞。發(fā)現(xiàn)卡滯后應(yīng)立即停機(jī)，切斷電源并掛牌警示，防止誤啟動(dòng)造成危險(xiǎn)。對(duì)于因物料黏結(jié)或雜質(zhì)卡阻的情況，可打開供料器的檢修孔，手動(dòng)清理內(nèi)部堆積的物料或取出雜質(zhì)，清理后需檢查葉輪與殼體是否有劃傷，必要時(shí)進(jìn)行修復(fù)。重啟前需手動(dòng)盤車數(shù)圈，確認(rèn)葉輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)順暢后再開機(jī)，開機(jī)初期應(yīng)空載運(yùn)行，觀察有無異響或振動(dòng)，正常后方可恢復(fù)進(jìn)料。

　　The emergency handling of stuck faults should follow safety regulations to avoid blindly operating and exacerbating equipment damage. If the card is found to be lagging, the machine should be stopped immediately, the power should be cut off, and a warning sign should be hung to prevent danger caused by misoperation. For situations where materials are stuck or blocked by impurities, the inspection hole of the feeder can be opened to manually clean the accumulated materials inside or remove impurities. After cleaning, the impeller and shell should be checked for scratches and repaired if necessary. Before restarting, it is necessary to manually turn the impeller several times to confirm that it rotates smoothly before starting up. At the beginning of the startup, it should run without load and observe for any abnormal noise or vibration. Only when it is normal can feeding be resumed.

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